NETWORK APPLICATION

Networking Software Applications and Tools
Network software applications using the Internet or other network infrastructure hardware to perform useful functions.

• Macintosh Network
• Windows Firewall Software
• Network Operating System
• Gaming Network
• FTP Client and Server
• Network Ping (6)
• Microsoft Internet Explorer
• Linux Networking (6)
• Network Programming

INTERNET CONNECTIVITY APPLICATIONS

• Web-server applications (JAVA / PERL-CGI)
• Download file
• Automatic data distribution
• Monitoring and control
• Both real-time and store-and-forward data available architectures
• Connectivity: Wi-Fi 802.11a / b, 2-way pager / cell network, low-cost radio, dial-up services

About the OSI and TCP / IP

OSI (Open Systems Interconnection)

OSI is a conceptual model consisting of seven layers, each layer has a different function. OSI was developed by the international agency that is ISO (International Organization for Standardization) in 1977.

The function of each layer of the OSI:

     1. Physical Layer

Physical Layer is the layer that very simple, relating to electrical (and optical) connections between devices. This layer Serves to define the network transmission media, signaling method, synchronization bits, network architecture (such as Ethernet or Token Ring), network topology and pengabelan. In addition, this level also defines how the Network Interface Card (NIC) can interact with the media cable or radio.

2. Data-link Layer

Data link layer is responsible at the end of the package binary data derived from a higher level into discrete packets before the physical layer. Will send frames (block of data) via a network. Protocol on the data-link layer is Ethernet (802.2 & 802.3), Tokenbus (802.4) and Tokenring (802.5).

3.      Network Layer

Network layer provides routing functionality so that packets can be sent out from the local network segment to a destination that is on a network other.

Some network layer functions:
- Divide the binary data stream into discrete packets with a certain length
- Detect Error
- Fix error with resend the corrupted packet
- Controlling the flow

4. Transport Layer
Transport layer is the center of the fashion-OSI. Serves to break down data into packets of data and provide the serial number of the packages that can be rearranged on the side of the goal as it arrives.

5. Session Layer
This layer coordinates communication between the layer entities they represent. Serves to define how the connection can be established, maintained, or destroyed. In addition, at this level also performed name resolution. Some of the protocol at this layer: NETBIOS: a session interfaces and protocols, developed by IBM, which provides service to the presentation layer and application layer. NETBEUI, (NETBIOS Extended User Interface), a development of NETBIOS used in micro ** oft networking products, such as Windows NT and LAN Manager. ADSP (AppleTalk Data Stream Protocol). PAP (Printer Access Protocol), which is found on a Postscript printer to access the AppleTalk network.

Differences of windows server and linux server

WINDOWS SERVER HOST ING

Window, similar to your personal computer, Microsoft's operating system is commercially owned. Its main benefit is that it can also run Microsoft software such as Access and MS SQL databases.

WINDOWS SECURITY:

Because it is a commercial operating system, it could take a little longer in fixing some security issues (often with the release of the security package) while they usually must be made ​​available through Microsoft.

LINUX SERVER HOSTING

Linux is an open source system that freely circulating, which makes it very cost-effective for the host to provide, maintain, and operate. It also has a very strong position for both speed and stability. It is accepted that the best part of the site that hosts basically the Linux operating system.

 LINUX SECURITY:

Although Linux and Windows can try to deal with both hacking, arguing that Linux is open source, patches to close security holes are implemented very quickly because so many people contribute to making it better every day.

The meaning of hierarchy in the tree topology

Network Topology Tree (Tree) network topology is referred to as a multilevel network topology. This topology is typically used for interconnection between the central with a different hierarchy. For the lower hierarchy depicted in locations with low and growing up had a higher hierarchy. This type of network topology suitable for use on a computer network system.

In tree networks, there are several levels of nodes (node​​). Central or higher level node, another node can set a lower level. Data sent to the central node first. For example to move from computer to the komputer node node-3-7 as well as in the figure, the data must pass through node-3, 5 and node-6 before ending at the node-7.

The excellence of tree network  model like this is, can the formation of a group that required at all times. For example, companies can form a group consisting of terminal accounts, as well as in the other group formed for the sale terminals. The weakness is, if the node that is higher then does not work, then the other group who are below it eventually also became ineffective. The workings of a tree network is relatively slow.

the differences in lan, man, and wan

Ø   Local Area Network (LAN), 

Is a privately owned network within a building or campus-sized to several kilometers.

LAN  often used to connect personal computers and workstations in a corporate office or factories in order to use shared resources (resouce, such as printers) and exchange information.

Ø    Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)
 

      basically a LAN version of the larger and usually use the same technology to the LAN. MAN can include corporate offices are located adjacent or also a town and can be used for private purposes (private) or public. MAN capable of supporting data and voice, even may be associated with cable television networks.

Ø   Wide Area Network (WAN)
 the range covers a wide geographical area, often covering a country or even continent. WAN consists of a collection of machines that aim to run the programs (applications) user.

What sets it apart :
1. a distance

2. Speed ​​data transfer

for Ex: LAN has a limited area but has a 2 KM Sampa 2 MBPS transfer rate, while the WAN has a range up to thousands "of KM but possessed transfer rate up to 64kbps