Topology is described to the structure of a network and how a network is designed. This is very closely associated with the access methods and delivery media are used. Topology that is very dependent on the location geofrapis of each terminal, the quality control is needed in communication or messaging, as well as the speed of data transmission.
the definition of topology is divided into two:
- the physical topology (physical topology) that indicated the position of the physical cabling
- logical topology (logical topology) is to shows how accessible by the host.
The physical topology is used in building such a network is :
1. Point to Point
This network is a network of point to the most simple but can be widely used. This is a simple network, so it is often not considered as a tissue but only an ordinary communication. In this case, both nodes have the same level position, so that any node can initiate and control the relationship in the network. Data sent from one node other conclusion directly as a receiver, for example between the terminals with the CPU.
view point to point network :
In a star configuration, some existing equipment will be connected into a central computer. Existing controls will be centered at one point, such as workload and adjust the settings of existing resources. All links must be associated with the center if you want to distribute any other conclusion that the intended data. In this case, when the center was down, then all the terminals will also be disrupted. Star network model is relatively simple, so widely used by the per-bank-right which usually has many branches scattered in various locations. With the configuration of these stars, then all sorts of activities that exist in the branch offices it can be controlled and coordinated well. In addition, education also tend to use a star network is to control the activities of their students.
Excess
· Damage to one channel will affect only the channel network and the station adrift.
· Security level is high.
· Resistant to a busy network traffic.
Addition and subtraction · station can be done easily.
· Damage to one channel will affect only the channel network and the station adrift.
· Security level is high.
· Resistant to a busy network traffic.
Addition and subtraction · station can be done easily.
Shortage
- If the node was destroyed, then the entire network will be stopped.
Handling
· The need for a backup center node set.
- If the node was destroyed, then the entire network will be stopped.
Handling
· The need for a backup center node set.
view star network :
3. Ring Networks
In this network there are several devices interconnected with each other and will eventually form the chart as well as a ring. Ring network does not have a point that acts as a central regulator or data traffic, all nodes have the same degree. The data sent will go through several nodes, so arrive at the destination node. In presenting the data, the network can move in one or two directions. Nevertheless, data exist to keep moving in one direction at a time. First, there is a message which will be delivered from point to another in one direction. When encountered a failure, for example, there is damage to existing equipment, existing data will be sent by way of a second, then the message is transmitted in the opposite direction, and ultimately could end up at the destination. Such configurations are relatively more expensive when compared with the star network configuration. This is due, any existing node will act as a computer that will overcome every application at hand, and must be able to share its resources on the existing network. In addition, this system is more suitable for systems that are not centralized (decentralized-system), which is not required the presence of a certain priority.
In this network there are several devices interconnected with each other and will eventually form the chart as well as a ring. Ring network does not have a point that acts as a central regulator or data traffic, all nodes have the same degree. The data sent will go through several nodes, so arrive at the destination node. In presenting the data, the network can move in one or two directions. Nevertheless, data exist to keep moving in one direction at a time. First, there is a message which will be delivered from point to another in one direction. When encountered a failure, for example, there is damage to existing equipment, existing data will be sent by way of a second, then the message is transmitted in the opposite direction, and ultimately could end up at the destination. Such configurations are relatively more expensive when compared with the star network configuration. This is due, any existing node will act as a computer that will overcome every application at hand, and must be able to share its resources on the existing network. In addition, this system is more suitable for systems that are not centralized (decentralized-system), which is not required the presence of a certain priority.
view of ring network
4. Tree Network
In tree networks, there are several levels of nodes (node). Central or higher level node, another node can set a lower level. Data sent to the central node first. For example to move from computer to computer node node-3-7 as well as in the figure, the data must pass through node-3, 5 and node-6 before ending at the node-7. The better part network tree model like this is, can the formation of a group that is required at all times. For example, companies can form a group consisting of terminal accounts, as well as in the other group formed for the sale terminals. The drawback is, if the node that is higher then does not work, then the other group who are below it eventually also became ineffective. The workings of a tree network is relatively slow
view of tree network
5. Bus Network
Another configuration is known as a bus-network, which is suitable for areas that are not too broad. Each computer (each node) will be connected by a communication cable through an interface. Each computer can communicate directly with the computer or other equipment that may be in the network, in other words, all nodes have equal footing. In this case, the network is not dependent on existing computers be centered, so if any of the equipment or one node is destroyed, the system can still operate. Each node that has no address or nature itself. So for access to data from one node, the user or wearer simply states the address of the node in question. Excellence is the development of a network bus topology or adding new workstations can be done easily without disrupting the other workstations. The drawback of this topology is when there is interference along the cable at the center of the whole network will have the disorder.
view of bus network
6. Plex Network (Network Combination)
Network is a truly interactive, where each node has the ability to directly access not only to computers, but also with a knot or other equipment. In general, this network has a shape similar to a star network. Organization of existing data using the de-centralization, is to perform maintenance, use the centralized facility.
view of plex network
Logical topology is generally divided form the two types, namely:
a. Topology Broadcast
In simple terms can be described is a host that sends data to all other hosts on the network media.
b. Token Passing Topologies
Set the data transmission on the host through the media by using a token that rotates on a regular basis throughout the host. Host can only transmit data only if the host has the token. By this token, collisions can be prevented.
a factors that deserve consideration for the selection of topology is as follows:
- New revenue
What are the most efficient systems are needed in the organization.
- Speed
To what extent is the speed required in the system.
- Environment
Such as electricity or factors - in other environmental factors, which affect the type of hardware used.
- Size
Up to how large the network size. Does the network need a file server or a dedicated server.
- Connectivity
Are the other users who use laptop computers to access the network from various locations.
a factors that deserve consideration for the selection of topology is as follows:
- New revenue
What are the most efficient systems are needed in the organization.
- Speed
To what extent is the speed required in the system.
- Environment
Such as electricity or factors - in other environmental factors, which affect the type of hardware used.
- Size
Up to how large the network size. Does the network need a file server or a dedicated server.
- Connectivity
Are the other users who use laptop computers to access the network from various locations.
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